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Northern Railway of Canada
The Northern Railway of Canada was a historical Canadian railway located in the province of Ontario. It was the first steam railway in what was then known as Upper Canada. It was eventually acquired by the Grand Trunk Railway, and is therefore a predecessor to the modern Canadian National Railway (CNR). Several sections of the line are still used by CNR.
The railway was originally known as the Ontario, Simcoe and Huron, referring to the three lakes the railway connected. The aim was to provide a portage route from the upper Great Lakes at Collingwood to Toronto, where a variety of other shipping routes were available. The plan for the railroad was largely executed by Frederick Chase Capreol who was fired as manager of the company the day before the ground broke. Financial difficulties and a government bailout led to a reorganization of the company as the Northern Railway of Canada in 1859. The line saw three major expansions; North Grey Railway extended the original mainline to Meaford, the North Simcoe Railway ran to the port town of Penetanguishene, and the Muskoka Branch ran northeast to Gravenhurst. This last expansion would be the starting point for the Northern and Pacific Junction Railway, connecting to the Canadian Pacific Railway mainline outside of North Bay. In 1887, the Grand Trunk Railway (GTR) gained a controlling interest, and the takeover was formalized in January 1888.
The line primarily served the port towns on Georgian Bay, where it faced increasing competition over the years. A combination of factors, including the Great Depression and the opening of a wider Welland Canal led to decreased use of the ports, and traffic fell. The closure of Collingwood Shipbuilding in 1986 led to the abandonment of the sections in Collingwood and to the west. The line is intact from the east side of town all the way to Union Station, with the section between Toronto and Barrie used by GO Transit as the Barrie line. The Muskoka Junction has been combined with the Ontario Northland Railway to form Canadian National Railway's mainline in the area north of Orillia.
Several sections of the line have been turned over to rail trail use. The section of the mainline from the western side of Collingwood to Meaford is now the high-quality (Georgian Trail ), which is being expanded towards Owen Sound as the (Tom Thompson Trail ). Sections from Collingwood to Stayner have a trail running beside them.〔As of 2014 the condition of the rails through Stayner suggest this section of the line has been unused for some time. The line in this area is significantly rusted and heavily overgrown.〕 The North Simcoe Railway now forms the (Tiny Beaches Trail ) with sections south of this also in use.
==History==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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